incandescent lamp is what we call tungsten lamp, which is the story of Edison's invention of the light bulb. It's just that Edison experimented with a "carbonized bamboo wire" light bulb in 1880, and later found that tungsten wire was brighter and had a longer life.

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A light bulb is a simple device: the aluminum seat at the bottom is electrified at one end, and the copper wire inside is connected with a tungsten wire. The resistance heats the tungsten wire to an incandescent state and glows.

making base

the machine cuts the long tube glass to a specific length, and each section is roasted with high heat to make the glass section smoother.

Bake in large fire

after putting the small glass tube straight, continue to bake it soft over high fire, and it is convenient to make the shape later.

make a trumpet

while the glass is still soft, quickly wipe it into a trumpet (this is the base, the big belly of the bulb is made separately, and finally fit and burn together here).

the copper wire and exhaust pipe

bulbs are sealed, either vacuum or filled with inert gas. In the process of production, you have to install an exhaust pipe for vacuum argon (yà) gas in the light bulb, and the copper wire is to connect the aluminum base to the tungsten wire.

pressing seal

roast the soft bottom with fire, then flatten the interface with a press, leaving only a small hole in the position of the exhaust pipe, and the leads and exhaust pipes in other places are completely wrapped and sealed.

shape the copper wire

the machine first separates the copper wire, and then bends step by step to make the shape of the lead wire suitable to connect the tungsten wire.

install tungsten wire

load the lead with super heat-resistant tungsten wire. When we say "the light bulb burns", it means "the tungsten wire is burnt out". Don't underestimate this light, it has a high temperature of 2000 ℃ ~ 3000 ℃ when lit.

lead coating

tungsten wire is installed, but the lead has to be further optimized, and some liquid zirconium alloy is applied to the lead by machine.

Zirconium alloy is a kind of "degassing material". When heated to a certain temperature, it can absorb active gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor, but not inert gases. this prolongs the service life of the bulb (it can be understood as a small packet of dehumidifier in bagged melon seeds).

making glass bubbles

the method of making glass bubbles is similar to the previous "reshaping by fire", which is also the burning and shaping of sections of hollow tubes.

you also have to use an inkjet to print voltage, wattage, and factory logo on the top of each bulb.

if you want yellow light, transparent glass bubble is fine. If you want white light, paint the glass bubble white.

White light bulb

while spraying silicon powder, the coating machine puts a voltage of 30,000 volts on the glass bubble. The static electricity generated at this moment makes the powder stick to the inner surface of the glass bubble, and because the glass bubble has been burned before, the powder will not fall off as soon as it is glued.

Clean surface

the outer surface is baked again with flame to thoroughly remove impurities and evaporate water vapor.

combination light bulb

the machine puts the "glass bulb" on the "base", and the joint is softened with a high temperature flame.

shaping

after the fire, the machine clamps the softened glass neck and thoroughly merges the light bulb and the base.

the bulb is filled with argon

each bulb now has only the exhaust pipe and lead exposed outside the glass bubble. Use a large air compressor to pump the air out of the bulb through the "exhaust pipe", and then inject argon. Inert gas can slow down the sublimation of tungsten wire and increase the service life of the bulb.

We often see the phenomenon of "bulb blackening" because the tungsten wire evaporates when the temperature is too high. Because the slight difference in resistance on the tungsten wire will cause temperature inconsistency, where the resistance is high, the temperature is higher, the tungsten wire sublimates faster, the tungsten wire becomes finer, and the resistance increases. DING! The tungsten wire burns out.

sealed bulb

shape the exposed leads in the lower part to connect the positive and negative poles of the aluminum base.

after burning the exhaust pipe, the argon-filled light bulb will be completely sealed.

the aluminum base is put on so that the light bulb can be connected to the "lamp holder". One end of the lead goes through the small hole in the middle and the other is attached to the side of the thread.

after putting the lead wire, the machine will be fixed after spot welding.

the top dot is also welded and sealed.

finally, all light bulbs have to be tested at the factory.

and so on! Cast also has something to say

the incandescent lamp we often talk about has been eliminated because 90% of the electricity is converted into heat. This light bulb uses the remaining 10% of the electricity to light up, not Yuba. How inefficient it is.

now 40% of the fluorescent lamps used in shopping malls can be converted into light energy. A light bulb of the same brightness can actually save 3 times and 4% of electricity, all money! As for the energy-saving lamp, the bottom uses the threaded base of the incandescent lamp, and the luminous principle is still the fluorescent lamp..

the GIF in the article is taken from:

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